Mumbai has witnessed a 2 degrees Celsius rise in average temperature across 27 years, leading to multiple environmental problems and an increase in heat. Using satellite imagery (USA-NASA Landsat datasets freely available), Researchers from the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia University in New Delhi, Osmania University in Hyderabad and Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh studied an area of 603 square kilometres of Mumbai region (both city and suburbs) to understand the land-use and land-cover changes, difference in maximum, minimum and average temperatures (for urban heat island intensity), land surface temperatures, changes in vegetation cover versus urban built-up density between 1991 and 2018.

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