We all are probably aware about the threats posed by persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as DDT, industrial chemicals, most notably polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), due to their persistence in the environment, ability to bio-magnify in ecosystems, as well as their significant negative effects on human health and the environment. But, are you aware about the endocrinological effects of environmental contaminants that perturb our hormonal systems, termed endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs)? Well, if you are not then it is time you become aware about EDCs swiftly. Because, EDCs are commonly found in food and food containers, plastic products, furniture, toys, building materials, and cosmetics. They are often released from the products that contain them and enter the bodies of humans and wildlife through dust or through the food chain. Other possible sources of exposure to EDCs include dairy products, meat, fruits and vegetables, tobacco smoke, and pesticides. 

This month, our cover story titled, ‘Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: Sources and Health Impacts’ throws light on the fact that since EDCs are structurally like natural hormones, they mimic these hormones and may cause potential overstimulation. This has several major neurological, developmental, and reproductive impacts on humans and other living organisms. The presence of these chemicals in our bodies has irreversible effects on the food chain and environment. Consequently, they hinder development, reproductive potential, functioning of the nervous system, and immunity. Also, there are evidences that the EDCs can contribute to the global warming. The studies have established that DDT and aerosols are the major contributors to climate change.

The article further highlights that since EDCs have weak degradable characteristics, they remain in the system of the organisms for prolonged periods and cause harmful effects. Alarmingly, EDCs are silently creeping into our ecosystem as well as body. If adequate actions are not taken in time, it will soon be a public health issue. It is very important to learn and find about common EDCs in order to strengthen our knowledge on the sources of EDCs and safer alternatives that we can use. For instance, we could minimize consumption of processed and packaged food to follow a sustainable lifestyle. The use of pesticides should be reduced and we should rather use bio-pesticides and bio-fertilizers. There is also a need to advance scientific knowledge and testing facilities in order to build evidence towards EDCs and their safer alternatives.

The feature article this month talks about the major environmental causes and other factors that threaten our historic monuments and heritage sites. Air pollution is a crucial factor in the degradation of surfaces of historical buildings and monuments. The impact of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere on materials is enormous and often irreversible. Conservation issues due to environmental factors such as acid rain and salt crystallization can lead to economic losses but, more importantly, to the obliteration of our cultural heritage—an important constituent of our individual and collective identity.